The Most Common Logical Fallacies infographic posted to Canvas has more information, but one fallacy, the generalization, is when a writer applies a statement or interpretation very broadly, without examining the nuances of the new context or example. You can’t apply a general rule to a specific instance; you have to account for the differences. As an example given by Walden University’s Avoiding Logical Fallacies guide:
Two out of three patients who were given green tea before bedtime reported sleeping more soundly. Therefore, green tea may be used to treat insomnia.
Avoiding Logical Fallacies, Walden U.
The above statement is a fallacy—the leap of logic doesn’t work.
To avoid making sweeping generalizations, try to consider the differences in each specific instance to which you’re trying to apply a general rule. Try to think of counterexamples to challenge your thinking and highlight whether or not you are generalizing: e.g., if a counterexample renders your reasoning faulty, you’re not being specific enough. And always try to use language that is as precise and specific as possible.
Keep these principles in your head as you draft and especially as you revise!
